Analytic Hierarchy Process Algorithm Applied to Battery Energy Storage System Selection for Grid Applications

Abstract The Brazilian Power Sector is preparing the introduction of battery energy storage in its distribution lines for energy quality control. The technical and financial viability of this new technology depends on several factors: battery technologies, geographical locations, environmental restrictions and the local regulation. One of the objectives of the present project was to create a methodology for helping technicians to choose the best battery technology for each particular application. The Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP algorithm was selected to take into account all the above-mentioned factors. This methodology was applied to a case study considering four different commercially available battery energy storage systems (BESS) and the methodology was able to recommend the best choice by taking into account all the criteria and subcriteria considered. The second objective of the present project is to evaluate a real hybrid BESS operation composed of two different battery technologies. Up to the moment when this paper was submitted the BESS has not been installed yet. The installation place has already been selected, a feeder-line with 1,360 kW peak power, and monitored for energy quality. The BESS has been sized, a 250 kW/1 MWh flow battery together with a 250 kW/500 kWh lithium-ion battery and the purchase process has been initiated. Both battery technologies will work in separate and joint operations for power quality in on-grid and island cases.

La remoción de vello genital en mujeres gestantes en Colombia / Genital hair removal in pregnant women in Colombia

RESUMEN Introducción: La remoción del vello genital es muy común, siendo cada vez más popular la remoción total en mujeres en edad fértil. Los principales motivos para eliminar el vello púbico son la higiene, el atractivo físico y la feminidad; sin embargo, no es una práctica exenta de complicaciones. Actualmente, existe poca información sobre esta conducta en embarazadas. Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia y las características de la remoción del vello genital en gestantes de bajo riesgo obstétrico en una institución de primer nivel de Colombia. Material y métodos: Estudio prolectivo de cohorte que siguió durante todo el embarazo a 60 gestantes de bajo riesgo obstétrico en una institución de primer nivel. Se entregó una encuesta autoaplicable trimestral sobre la práctica de remoción del vello genital. Se compararon los resultados en diferentes trimestres del embarazo. Resultados: La mediana de la edad de las gestantes fue 22 años; 61% estaban en su primera gestación. Más del 95% reportó una conducta de remoción total al menos una vez en el mes previo a cada encuesta; la conducta puede calificarse como remoción permanente en más del 65% de los casos. El método empleado con más frecuencia (94%) fue la remoción con cuchilla de afeitar. No se encontraron cambios en esta práctica a lo largo del embarazo. Conclusión: A pesar de las complicaciones conocidas asociadas a esta conducta muchas mujeres rasuran su vello genital debido a diversas razones socioculturales. Este estudio encontró una alta prevalencia de la práctica de remoción de vello genital en gestantes, sin que se evidenciara que dicha conducta cambiase a lo largo del embarazo.

SUMMARY Introduction: Genital hair removal is very common, with the increasingly popular tendency for total removal in women of childbearing age. The main reasons for removing pubic hair are hygiene, physical attractiveness and aesthetic; however, it is not a complication-free practice. Currently, there is little information about this behavior in pregnant women. Aim: To describe the frequency and characteristics of genital hair removal in pregnant women with low obstetric risk in a first level institution in Colombia. Material and methods: Prolective cohort study was conducted that included 60 pregnant women with low obstetric risk in a first level institution. A self-applicable survey on the practice of genital hair removal was delivered each trimester. The results were compared in different trimesters of pregnancy. Results: The median age was 22 years; 61% were primigestant. More than 95% reported total genital hair removal at least the previous month to survey; this conduct could be considered as permanent in 65% of women. The most frequently used method was razor blade removal (93.8%). No changes were found in this practice throughout pregnancy. Conclusion: Despite the known complications associated with this behavior, many women shave their genital hair due to various sociocultural reasons. This study found a high prevalence of the practice of genital hair removal in pregnant women, without evidencing that such behavior changed throughout pregnancy.

A study on traditional practice of head-shaving in newborn care among mothers in a tertiary care centre in Malda, West Bengal, India

Background: Newborn period is culturally and traditionally sensitive in every society. Different communities have different traditional practices when it comes to taking care of newborn. Head-shaving in newborn period is one such unique traditional practice existent among rural population of West Bengal. This study was conducted to explore the traditional practice of head-shaving and to highlight its related morbidities among newborns following head-shaving.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at triage of special newborn care unit of Malda Medical College and Hospital among 650 mothers who presented to us with their sick newborns following head-shaving. After obtaining informed consent, mothers were interviewed. The data were collected using pre-designed questionnaires. Statistical analyses of the data were done using SPSS version 21.Results: In the present study, majority (52.62%) of the mothers were within the age group of 18-21 years and 94.15% belonged to Muslim community. Neonatal head-shaving was usually done on 4th day of life (48.15%) and on 10th day of life (28.77%). Baby bath following head-shaving was given in 49.54% newborns using pond water and 77.70 % mothers used crude mustard oil for massaging following baby bath. Following head-shaving, 37.69% of newborns presented with poor feeding, 33.23% with abdominal distension and 61.23% presented with respiratory distress.Conclusions: Findings of present study highlights the harmful aspects of traditional practice of head-shaving among newborns in rural Bengal. This practice can be avoided by proper health education and counselling of the mothers and her associates involved in newborn care.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de la endometriosis pélvica profunda con compromiso colorrectal / Surgical treatment of deep pelvic endometriosis with colorectal involvement

INTRODUCCIÓN: En la endometriosis el compromiso intestinal afecta hasta al 12% de las pacientes, comprometiendo al recto y a la unión rectosigmoidea en el 90% de los casos. OBJETIVO: Describir la experiencia del equipo de Coloproctología y Ginecología de Clínica Alemana de Santiago en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la endometriosis pélvica profunda con compromiso colorrectal. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo a partir de la base de datos de pacientes con endometriosis tratados entre enero del año 2015 y abril de 2018. Los criterios de inclusión fueron pacientes con clínica de endometriosis pélvica profunda, que tuviesen compromiso colorrectal y hayan sido tratados con shaving rectal, resección discoide o resección segmentaria. Se revisaron fichas clínicas electrónicas, protocolos operatorios y biopsias definitivas. RESULTADOS: Se reclutaron 25 pacientes con una mediana de edad de 35 años. El síntoma principal de consulta fue dismenorrea y el síntoma digestivo más frecuente fue disquecia. En 8 pacientes se realizó un shaving rectal, en 7 una sigmoidectomía, en 9 una resección discoide y en 1 paciente una tiflectomía. La complicación posoperatoria reportada fue la hemorragia digestiva baja en 4 pacientes (Clavien-Dindo I y IIIa). Con una mediana de seguimiento de 13 meses, a la fecha 3 pacientes se les ha diagnosticado algún tipo de recidiva. CONCLUSIÓN: Es importante que la cirugía a realizar, garantice una morbilidad y recurrencia baja. Los resultados en nuestro centro son alentadores, lo que nos hace creer que el tratamiento quirúrgico podría ser una buena alternativa en la endometriosis pélvica profunda con compromiso colorrectal.

INTRODUCTION: In endometriosis, intestinal involvement affects up to 12% of patients, compromising the rectum and the rectosigmoid junction in 90% of cases. AIM: Describe the experience of the Coloproctolgy and Gynecology Team of the Clínica Alemana de Santiago in the surgical treatment of deep pelvic endometriosis with colorectal involvement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study based on the database of patients with endometriosis treated between January 2015 and April 2018. The inclusion criteria were patients with deep pelvic endometriosis clinic, who had colorectal involvement and who had been treated with rectal shaving, discoid resection or segmental resection. Electronic clinical records, operative protocols and definitive biopsies were reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients with a median age of 35 years were recruited. The main symptom of consultation was dysmenorrhoea and the most frequent digestive symptom was dyschezia. In 8 patients a rectal shaving was performed, in 7 a sigmoidectomy, in 9 a discoid resection and in 1 patient a tiflectomy. The only reported post-operative complication was low gastrointestinal bleeding in 4 of the 25 patients (Clavien-Dindo I and IIIa). A median follow-up of 13 months was achieved, to date 3 patients have been diagnosed with some type of recurrence. CONCLUSION: It is important that the surgery to be performed guarantees low morbidity and recurrence. The results in our center are encouraging, which makes us believe that surgical treatment could be a good alternative in deep pelvic endometriosis with colorectal involvement.

Clinical characteristics and treatment of diabetic patients with superficial partial-thickness burn on feet / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective@#To analyze the characteristics and treatment of diabetic patients with superficial partial-thickness burn on feet.@*Methods@#Eighty-three patients with superficial partial-thickness burn on 119 feet were hospitalized in our unit from January 2011 to December 2017. The medical records of the patients with 46 men and 37 women, aged 60±11 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into diabetes group and non-diabetes group according to whether they had diabetes or not, with 41 patients (60 burn feet) in diabetes group and 42 patients (59 burn feet) in non-diabetes group. Patients in diabetes group and non-diabetes group were given systemic treatment and wound dressing change. Thirty-seven diabetic patients whose wounds deepened to deep partial-thickness were divided into eschar shaving group and non-eschar shaving group according to patients′ willingness and the treatment, with 14 patients in eschar shaving group and 23 patients in non-eschar shaving group. Patients in eschar shaving group were given eschar shaving operation at early stage, and patients in non-eschar shaving group were given wound dressing change. The length of hospital stay, hospitalization treatment expenses, pulse of arteria dorsal pedis and posterior tibial artery immediately after admission, deepening of wounds on feet during hospital stay, and rates of wound healing on feet of patients in diabetes group and non-diabetes group were observed and calculated. Pulses of arteria dorsal pedis and posterior tibial artery immediately after admission, deepening of wounds on feet during hospital stay, positive rates of bacteria and fungus in wounds on feet, and rates of wound healing on feet of patients in eschar shaving group and non-eschar shaving group were observed and calculated. Data were processed with chi-square test, t test, Fisher′s exact propability method, and Mann-Whitney U test.@*Results@#The length of hospital stay of patients in diabetes group was (29±20) d, which was significantly longer than that of patients in non-diabetes group [(19±13) d, t=2.730, P<0.01]. The hospitalization treatment expense of patients in diabetes group was (46 988±41 322) yuan, which was significantly more than that of patients in non-diabetes group [(29 106±24 813) yuan, t=2.396, P<0.05]. The pulses of arteria dorsal pedis and posterior tibial artery of patients in diabetes group were significantly weaker than those of patients in non-diabetes group (Z=3.278, 2.194, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The percentages of wounds on feet of patients in diabetes group deepening to deep partial-thickness burn, full-thickness skin defect with bone and tendon exposure were respectively 88.3% (53/60) and 23.3% (14/60), which were significantly higher than those of patients in non-diabetes group [47.5% (28/59) and 1.7% (1/59), χ2=22.867, 12.644, P<0.01]. Rate of wound healing on feet of patients in diabetes group was 78.3% (47/60), which was significantly lower than 100.0% (59/59) of patients in non-diabetes group ( χ2=14.351, P<0.01). There were respectively 21 and 32 feet in patients of eschar shaving group and non-eschar shaving group. There were no significantly statistical differences in pulses of arteria dorsal pedis and posterior tibial artery of patients between eschar shaving group and non-eschar shaving group (Z=0, 0.453, P>0.05). The percentage of wounds on feet of patients in non-eschar shaving group deepening to full-thickness skin defect with bone and tendon exposure was 43.8% (14/32), which was significantly higher than 0 of patients in eschar shaving group ( χ2=12.486, P<0.01). Positive rates of bacteria and fungus in wounds on feet of patients in eschar shaving group was significantly lower than that of patients in non-eschar shaving group (χ2=4.386, P<0.05 ). Rate of wound healing on feet of patients in non-eschar shaving group was 59.4% (19/32), which was significantly lower than that of patients in eschar shaving group [100.0% (21/21), P<0.01].@*Conclusions@#Diabetes patients with superficial partial-thickness burn wounds on feet has long length of hospital stay, high hospitalization treatment expenses. Wounds of the patients are easy to deepen, with low wound healing rate. Eschar shaving at early stage when the wounds deepened to deep partial-thickness burn is a good way to increase wound healing rate and prevent further deepening of wounds.

Comparation of the prognoses in pregnancy women receiving routine perineal shaving and non perineal shaving before vaginal delivery : a Meta analysis / 重庆医学

Objective To compare the prognoses in pregnancy women receiving routine perineal shaving and non perineal shaving before vaginal delivery through meta analysis.Methods The randomized controlled trials or non-randomized controlled trials for comparing the prognoses in pregnancy women receiving routine perineal shaving and non perineal shaving before vaginal delivery were retrieved from databases,including Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMbase,SCI,Ovid,CBM,Wanfang,VIP and CNKI,till December 2015.The studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the data were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently.The Meta-analysis was conducted via RevMan 5.2.6 software.Results A total of 6 studies (including three articles in English and three ones in Chinese) including 1 924 delivery women were included,1 083 cases in the perineal shaving group and 841 cases in the non perineal shaving group.No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence rate of fever after delivery between the perineal shaving group and the non perineal shaving group[Z=0.57,P=0.57,RR=1.14,95 ％ CI(0.73,1.76)],and there was no statistically significant difference in post-operative wound infection between the two groups [Z=0.43,P=0.66,RR=1.11,95％CI(0.69,1.78)].Conclusion Perineal shaving may be not an essential nursing intervention before vaginal delivery.

Scleral depressed vitreous shaving, 360 laser, and perfluoropropane (C3 F8) for retinal detachment.

Purpose: To review the characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with scleral depressed vitreous shaving, 360 degree peripheral endolaser, and 14% C3F8 gas for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of patients who underwent primary repair of RRD by PPV with scleral depressed vitreous shaving, 360 degree peripheral endolaser, and 14% perfluoropropane (C3F8) was conducted. Patients with less than 3 months follow‑up, previous retinal surgery, and higher than grade B proliferative vitreoretinopathy were excluded. Results: Ninety‑one eyes were included in the study. The mean age was 60.1 years. The mean follow‑up was 13.7 months. The macula was detached in 63% (58/91) of the eyes. The reattachment rate after one surgical procedure was 95% (86/91) while overall reattachment rate was 100%. There was no statistically significant difference between reattachment rates of superior, nasal/temporal, or inferior RRDs. The mean final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/40. Of all the patients, 66% of patients with macula‑off RRDs had a final BCVA of 20/40 or better. Conclusions: PPV with scleral depressed vitreous shaving, 360 degree peripheral endolaser, and 14% C3F8 leads to successful anatomical reattachment with visual improvement in patients with primary RRD.

Associação de técnicas para manejo efetivo dos queloides / Association of techniques for effective management of keloids

Queloides constituem uma proliferação anormal de fibroblastos após injúria da pele que ultrapassam bordas da ferida, causando aparência inestética e grande prejuízo à qualidade de vida destes pacientes. Atualmente não há uma terapêutica combinada eficaz para redução das massas queloidianas, inibindo sua recidiva. Neste trabalho apresentamos uma série de casos tratados com uma associação de técnicas (excisão cirúrgica pela técnica de shaving, injeção intralesional de corticosteroide e/ou bleomicina, aplicação de placa de gel de silicone, luz intensa pulsada, laser de CO2 fracionado, laser Nd:YAG, laser Erbium:Glass e LED vermelho e infravermelho), atuando na fisiopatologia do queloide, que demonstraram resultados satisfatórios e duradouros...

An Adverse Effect Following Facial Hair Removal by Thread Shaving / 대한피부과학회지

No abstract available.

Contextualización histórica y social de la remoción del vello púbico femenino / Historical and social contextualization of female pubic hair removal

Objetivo: demostrar que la remoción del vello púbico femenino -una práctica común en la actualidad- es el resultado de los cambios en el vestido y las estrategias de mercadeo de los fabricantes de productos para la eliminación del pelo corporal y hacer una aproximación a lo que dicen las mujeres hoy en términos de las razones para hacerlo. Materiales y métodos: se presentan los antecedentes históricos de la remoción del vello genital, su manejo en otras culturas, la frecuencia y las razones por las que se hace en la actualidad, y se revisan las estrategias comerciales y de comunicación utilizadas. Conclusiones: el imaginario actual de belleza femenina de inicio del siglo XXI implica la modificación del cuerpo en la búsqueda de un ideal de piel tersa y libre de vello, solo posible de manera artificial, haciendo que la sociedad como un todo lo considere normativo por razones estéticas, higiénicas, eróticas y de autoimagen.

Objective: To show that female pubic hair shaving, a common current practice, is the result of changing trends in dress and fashion, and of the marketing strategies of the manufacturers of hair removal devices; and to consider what women today argue as their reasons for this practice. Materials and methods: The historical background for pubic hair removal is presented, including the approach in other cultures, the frequency and the reasons for this practice at present; the marketing and communication strategies are reviewed. Conclusions: The current female beauty imagery in this early part of the 21st century involves the search for an ideal of smooth hairfree skin which is only achievable through artificial means, leading society as a whole to consider it the standard for cosmetic, hygienic, erotic and self-image reasons.

Keloids Treated with a Suction-Assisted Cartilage Shaver: A Report of Four Cases / 대한피부과학회지

Surgical excision of keloids is generally not accepted as a first treatment option, but many reports have described specialized surgical methods, such as intralesional and intramarginal excision. This operation preserves the active peripheral portion of the keloid and excises the central bulky lesion. The suprakeloidal flap technique and keloid core excision involve intralesional excision. These methods are known to be associated with a low probability of recurrence or lesion exacerbation because the remaining keloidal lesion acts as a barrier. However, several complications, such as partial necrosis and flap congestion, have been reported, especially in large lesions. We describe cases of four patients with keloids on the chest or abdomen. All patients complained of pain or itching due to the keloids. Patient age ranged from 20 years to 54 years, and the number of lesions ranged from one to seven. The largest lesion measured 10x8 cm. We treated the lesions by the dermal shaving method using a suction-assisted cartilage shaver, and the lesions were markedly flattened in all cases. Because this surgery is performed through an incision for a cannula, it allows more rapid healing and causes less postoperative pain with fewer severe complications. It also has the advantage of requiring less effort and time due to the use of motorized curettage with suction. The suction-assisted cartilage shaver using dermal shaving method seems to be an effective alternative treatment modality for reducing the lesional size of keloids.

Multiple Piloleiomyoma Treated with a Suction-Assisted Cartilage Shaver / 대한피부과학회지

Piloleiomyoma is a benign neoplasm arising from the erector pili muscle in the skin. It occurs as linear or dermatomal arrangements of firm, red to brown intradermal nodules, which are fixed to the skin but not to the deeper tissues. Although various treatments have been attempted, they have shown limited success and several complications remain. A 21-year-old male presented with 3-year history of multiple, erythematous, firm 4 mm to 3 cm sized nodules on the chest. The histopathological examination was compatible with piloleiomyoma. The lesions were removed using the dermal shaving method with a suction-assisted cartilage shaver. Each lesion were markedly flattened. This treatment was quicker and caused less subjective pain to the patient compared with those of classic surgical excision. No signs of adverse events or recurrence have been observed.

Steatocystoma Multiplex Treated with a Suction-assisted Cartilage Shaver / 대한피부과학회지

Steatocystoma multiplex is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by asymptomatic multiple, skin-colored to yellowish nodules on the trunk, proximal extremities, and axillae. Although surgical excision is the most effective method, treatment is difficult when lesions occur in multiple numbers. Therefore, various treatments such as CO2 laser therapy, needle aspiration, and oral isotretinoin have been attempted, but results are variable. A 37-year-old man presented with multiple skin-colored subcutaneous nodules on the abdomen and both axillae. A histopathological examination was consistent with steatocystoma multiplex. The lesions were removed by dermal shaving with a suction-assisted cartilage shaver. It was an effective therapeutic method for multiple lesions with no significant adverse events. Herein, we report a case of steatocystoma multiplex treated with a suction-assisted cartilage shaver.

¿Es la tricotomía necesaria en la práctica neuroquirúrgica habitual?: experiencia preliminar del Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago - Chile / Is the tricotomy needed in the usual neurosurgical practice?: preliminary experience of Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago - Chile

El corte del cabello en la preparación del paciente es frecuentemente usado en la mayorìa de los centros neuroquirúrgicos de Chile. Los fundamentos que lo avalan son el arraigo cultural, en la creencia de muchos neurocirujanos, que una herida limpia es una herida sin pelos, más que en el rigor cientìfico y en la medicina basada en la evidencia. Apoyados en que no existe un consenso en nuestro servicio respecto a este tema, es que pudimos tener dos grupos de pacientes y realizar un estudio prospectivo a contar del mes de Enero del año 2006. Se consideraron los primeros 25 pacientes de cada equipo para el trabajo. Concluimos que, pese a que la técnica no es aceptada por todos, no existe un mayor riesgo de infección de herida operatoria en aquellos sin corte de cabello respecto de aquellos tricotomizados y si una mejor calidad para el paciente en el postoperatorio y mayor aceptación del tratamiento quirúrgico. Sin embargo nuestro universo de pacientes aún es demasiado pequeño para tener conclusiones definitivas por lo que se presenta sólo como un trabajo preliminar. Describimos la técnica en el manejo de la herida operatoria sin corte de cabello, sus ventajas y desventajas.

Hair removal in elective cranial surgery is frequently used in most neurosurgical centers in Chile. The main reason of this procedure is the general belief that a wound is clean when it has no hair on it rather than a decision taken on the evidence based medicine. In our department there was not a single view on this issue so it was possible to make two groups of patients, one with hair removal and another one without it, and start prospective study from January 2006. For this report were included the first 25 patients of each group. We conclude that even though the tecnique is not worldwide accepted, there is no more risk of wound infection in the group without hair removal than in the other. However our sample is still samll to obtain definitive conclusions, so we present this as a preliminary report. The technique of wound management without hair removal is described.

The Plication of no Shaving-Skin Methoed Before Operation / 医学研究杂志

Objective To discuss and popularise the necessarity of no shaving-skin methoed before operation in clinical praltsce.Methods 3331 patients were divide randomly into experimental Group(1824cases) and contradistinguishly Group(1507cases).Analysis the difference betweenⅠkind kerf infectional rate of two groups after operation.Results Two groups’rate are both in normal range and below 0.5,by statistic it shows no difference. Conclusion clinical application tfter analysising for longtime and the no shaving-skin methoed before operation is considered to be both scientical and greatly practical,which could be used mdinical practice.

Surgical Treatment of Axillary Osmidrosis

Axillary osmidrosis, also referred to as bromhidrosis, is a condition of excess, abnormal, or strong acrid body odor that typically manifests itself after puberty with the enlargement of apocrine glands. This condition often causes the affected to avoid social settings and personal relationships particularly throughout puberty and into adult life. The surgical objectives for treating axillary osmidrosis are to eliminate malodor and postoperative recurrence, to reduce significant complications such as hematoma and skin flap necrosis causing scarring, to decrease the recovery time, and to reduce the surgical scars. In order to meet the objectives, I recommend to use three surgical methods such as subdermal shaving method with scissors, liposuction and curettage method, and curettage and dermal shaving with manual and electric bone rasp. The subdermal shaving method demands the surgeon to execute meticulous hemostasis in the central axilla. Quilting sutures should be placed to fixate the skin flap to the axillary base to further prevent hematoma and to shorten recovery time. A relatively simple pressure dressing is removed after a couple of days, which will allow the patients to resume their routine daily life. Liposuction and curettage method is used to remove the apocrine glands in the subcutaneous layer. Apocrine and eccrine glands in the lower dermis are removed by dermal shaving with a manual or electric bone rasp or by a suction assisted cartilage shaver.

A Comparative Evaluation of Various Axillary Osmidrosis Treatment

Axillary osmidrosis caused by excessive secretion of apocrine glands, which causes an malodor and extreme social embarrassment. To remove the apocrine glands, various types of treatment methods for axillary osmidrosis have been introduced. They could be summarized as manual of instrumental subdermal shaving, ultrasonic assisted liposuction, Botox(R) injection, electrical probe, laser dessication, etc. Surgical removal of apocrine glands has been the favored treatment for the several decades, but such complications as long-term postoperative immobilization period, skin necrosis, hematoma, and visible scars have been frequent. Recently, for the purpose of reducing these complications, some operators have advocated other procedures such as axillary ultrasonic assisted liposuction, Botox(R) injection, laser dessication. From March 2002 to April 2003, we have corrected the axillary osmidrosis in 80 cases using the subdermal shaving(24 cases), ultrasonic assisted liposuction(20 cases), Botox(R) injection(10 cases), electrical probe(26 cases). Of these operation, manual dermal shaving had the lowest recurrence rate, but disadvantages of this procedure was 4-5cm axillary scar, moderate post operative complication, long immobilization period. Otherwise Ultrasonic assisted liposuction had many advantages which were simple operation technique, short operation time, early recovery of social activity, rare post operative complication, invisible scar, lower recurrence rate. In case of Botox(R) injection was also simple operation technique, but which was short term effect about 6 months so it was necessary to treat repetitive injection but relatively high recurrence rate in severe osmidrosis. In case of electrical probe was also simple operation technique, but which was vague treatment effect, need to repetitive operation and relatively high recurrence rate in severe osmidrosis. In comparative evaluation of these methods, ultrasonic assisted liposuction was considered better results to osmidrosis treatment than others method in many aspects.

Bacteriological Comparison Between Shaving and No-Shaving Before Knee Arthroscopy Surgery / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To study the feasibility of no-hair-shaving before knee arthroscopy surgery.METHODS Totally 160 patients preparing for knee arthroscopy surgery were divided into both test and control groups randomly.The test group was no-hair-shaving before operation,and the control group was hair-shaving the day before their operation.Patients of the test group washed their skin with soap water or bathed at the operation day and patients in control group did this the day before operation.Bacterial culture was done in the operative site both before and after sterilization,and observed whether infection occurred in the incision after operation.RESULTS Bacterial culture in skin before sterilization was statistical significance between the two groups and no statistical significance after sterilization.All the incision healed well and no infection was found.CONCLUSIONS No-hair-shaving preoperatively can decrease patients′ discomfort and reduce colonies on skin surface effectively.The method is easy and safety manipulated.

Informative Gene Selection Method in Tumor Classification

Gene expression profiles may offer more information than morphology and provide an alternative to morphology- based tumor classification systems. Informative gene selection is finding gene subsets that are able to discriminate between tumor types, and may have clear biological interpretation. Gene selection is a fundamental issue in gene expression based tumor classification. In this report, techniques for selecting informative genes are illustrated and supervised shaving introduced as a gene selection method in the place of a clustering algorithm. The supervised shaving method showed good performance in gene selection and classification, even though it is a clustering algorithm. Almost selected genes are related to leukemia disease. The expression profiles of 3051 genes were analyzed in 27 acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 11 myeloid leukemia samples. Through these examples, the supervised shaving method has been shown to produce biologically significant genes of more than 94% accuracy of classification. In this report, SVM has also been shown to be a practicable method for gene expression-based classification.

Dressing with a Splint in Osmidrosis

For the surgical treatment of osmidrosis with subdermal excision in adolescent patients, immobilization of the axilla after the surgery is very important to prevent hematoma. Skin necrosis may occur when hematoma develops in the axilla after subdermal shaving. However, in case of young patients, they cannot maintain immobilization of the axilla after surgery for a long time, so they are relatively vulnerable to skin necrosis of the axilla due to hematoma after surgery. We used Yogips(R) splint for the dressing in 21 patients from January, 2002 to December, 2002 in our institute to prevent hematoma. The control group was composed of 46 patients only with tie-over dressing after subdermal excision for the dressing. We compared the incidence of hematoma 5 days after the surgery with that of the control group. There was no evident hematoma observed in the patients with Yogips(R)splint, but in case of the control group, hematoma developed in 16 patients of total 46 patients(33%). In this 16 patients with hematoma, 12 patients(75%) were adolescents. In conclusion, the dressing with a Yogips(R)splint seems to be a good method for immobilization of axilla and preventing hematoma after subdermal excision in young patients with osmidrosis.